Ibn Taymiyyah on The Created (Kawnee) and Religious (Shar'iyy) Ways and Means (Asbaab) and Their Resultant Effects in Relation to al-Qadar Tuesday, December 01 2009 - by Abu.Iyaad Read more articles at Aqidah.Com
Affirming The Deenee Shar'iyy (Religious Legislative) and Kawnee, Qadaree (Universal, Creational) asbaab (Causes, Ways And Means) And the Effects Tied to Them Shaykh ul-Islaam Ibn Taymiyyah said as occcurs in Majmoo' al-Fataawaa (8/68-69)
That is because Allaah (subhaanahu wa ta'aalaa) knows the (realities) of the affairs as they are, and He has made asbaab (causes, ways, means) for (all things), on account of which these things occur. So He knows that they occur by those asbaab, just like He knows that this person is granted (offspring) when he has intercourse with a woman and impregnates her. And if such a one said, "If Allaah knows that I will have offspring, then there is no need for intercourse", then he is a fool, because Allaah knows that what He has decreed will occur by way of intercourse. So when he (this person) knows that tillage will grow for him on account of the water he nurtures (the soil) with and what he plants of seeds, if he was to say, "When He knows that it will occur, then there is no need for planting", he is an astray ignorant. Because Allaah knows that it will occur by way of that (i.e. the planting of the seed). Likewise, when Allaah knows that this person (in his hunger) will be satisfied with food, and this one (in his thirst) will be quenched with water, and this one will die through killing, then it is inevitable that there are asbaab (about) which Allaah knows, that these matters occur through them... Note: Ahl us-Sunnah wal-Jamaa'ah oppose the heretics, the Ash'arites, who deny that Allaah has put asbaab within the creation through which effects are realised and who also deny that there is wisdom (al-hikmah) behind Allaah's actions, which they deceptively called al-gharad (objective, goal), as is their habit, for when Ahl us-Sunnah say Allaah is above the Throne, they say that is al-jihah and al-makaan, and they say Allaah is not attributed with direction or place, so they distort the words and change them from what they ought to be. Likewise with affirmation of wisdom (al-hikmah) in Allaah's actions, which is clear in the Qur'an and the Sunnah, they change it to al-gharad and so they say, Allaah is free of having objectives, goals.
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